Combined forced oscillation and fractional-order modeling in patients with work-related asthma: a case–control study analyzing respiratory biomechanics and diagnostic accuracy

Table 4 Mean square errors (MSE) and relative distances (R_d) in the integer and fractional-order models studied in control individuals and patients with work-related asthma pre- and post-bronchodilator use

	MSEr (cmH₂O/L/s)	MSEx (cmH₂O/L/s)	MSEt (cmH₂O/L/s)	R_d (%)
Control
eRIC	0.073 ± 0.055	0.051 ± 0.036	0.094 ± 0.058	3.873 ± 1.465
FrOr	0.083 ± 0.131	0.055 ± 0.041	0.109 ± 0.130	3.900 ± 1.590
WRA pre
eRIC	0.214 ± 0.892	0.237 ± 0.469	0.367 ± 0.991	3.363 ± 1.098
FrOr	0.102 ± 0.249	0.114 ± 0.234	0.156 ± 0.340	3.026 ± 1.072*
WRA post
eRIC	0.039 ± 0.037	0.117 ± 0.281	0.132 ± 0.280	4.327 ± 1.616
FrOr	0.043 ± 0.049	0.088 ± 0.163	0.105 ± 0.166	5.509 ± 6.432

eRIC: extended resistance–inertance–compliance model; FrOr: fractional order; MSEr: real mean square error value; MSEx: imaginary mean square error value; MSEt: total mean square error value; R_d: mean relative distance from the model and measured resistance and reactance; WRA: work-related asthma
* Indicates a significantly small error in the evaluated models

ISSN: 1475-925X